India's Coaching Industry
Coaching Around the World
How South Korea's hagwons, China's 2021 ban on for-profit tutoring and Japan's juku compare with India's coaching industry.
Coaching, called shadow education, exists worldwide.
South Korea
Hagwons (private academies) are hugely popular; the government has limited late-night classes.
China
In July 2021, China banned for-profit tutoring in core school subjects, wiping out much of the industry, though tutoring continued informally.
Japan
Juku cram schools prepare students for entrance exams.
Common drivers
- High-stakes exams.
- Scarce top universities.
Lessons
Bans may push tutoring underground; reducing exam stakes is more effective.
The underground tutor
After China's ban, some tutors continued teaching quietly in private homes.
Thinking coaching is unique to India
It's common in East Asia too.
Key takeaways
- Korea has hagwons.
- China banned for-profit tutoring in 2021.
- Japan has juku.
- Bans can push tutoring underground.
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