Curriculum Egypt's Economy
Egypt's Economy
How the Arab world's most populous country makes a living: the Nile and farming, the Suez Canal, tourism, remittances, bread subsidies, the military's role in business, currency crises and IMF programmes, gas discoveries, the New Administrative Capital, and a recap.
- Egypt at a Glance An overview of Egypt's economy, its population of over 100 million crowded along the Nile, and its main sources of income and foreign currency. 📄 Read-aloud
- The Nile and Egyptian Farming How the Nile has sustained Egyptian farming for millennia, how the Aswan High Dam changed agriculture, and why water scarcity threatens food production. 📄 Read-aloud
- The Suez Canal How the Suez Canal earns Egypt billions in fees, the 1956 nationalisation, the 2015 expansion, and how Red Sea attacks from 2023 cut traffic and revenue. 📄 Read-aloud
- Pyramids and Beaches: Egyptian Tourism How tourism to the pyramids, Luxor and Red Sea resorts supports Egypt's economy, and how terrorism, revolution and the pandemic caused booms and busts. 📄 Read-aloud
- Remittances From the Gulf How millions of Egyptians working in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states send home money that is one of Egypt's largest sources of foreign currency. 📄 Read-aloud
- Bread Subsidies and the Social Contract How Egypt subsidises bread for tens of millions of people, the 1977 bread riots, and why cutting subsidies is so politically sensitive. 📄 Read-aloud
- Egypt's Economy: Checkpoint 1 Quick checkpoint - five questions on Egypt's population, the Nile, the Suez Canal, tourism and remittances. 5 questions
- The Military's Role in the Economy How Egypt's military owns and runs businesses from construction to food, the advantages these firms enjoy, and concerns that this crowds out private investment. 📄 Read-aloud
- Currency Crises and the IMF How Egypt repeatedly devalued the pound, in 2016, 2022-23 and 2024, turned to IMF loans, and why defending an overvalued currency leads to shortages. 📄 Read-aloud
- Egypt's Gas Discoveries How the discovery of the giant Zohr gas field in 2015 made Egypt a gas exporter, and why rising demand and falling output turned it back into an importer. 📄 Read-aloud
- The New Administrative Capital How Egypt is building a vast new capital city in the desert east of Cairo, why the government pursued megaprojects, and debates over their costs and debt. 📄 Read-aloud
- Youth, Jobs and the Informal Economy Why many young Egyptians struggle to find good jobs, the role of the informal sector and public-sector hiring, and links to the 2011 revolution. 📄 Read-aloud
- Egypt's Economy: Recap A recap of Egypt's economy, from the Nile to the Suez Canal, and lessons for other developing countries. 📄 Read-aloud