Peru at a Glance

An overview of Peru, a country of about 34 million people whose economy grew fast in the 2000s despite frequent changes of president, and its mining-based exports.

Peru has about 34 million people.

Growth

Peru was one of Latin America’s fastest-growing economies in the 2000s and early 2010s, sharply cutting poverty.

Mining

Copper, gold, zinc and silver dominate exports.

Political chaos

Peru had six presidents between 2016 and 2023, yet the economy stayed relatively stable.

Why stable?

An independent central bank, low debt and a strong finance ministry.

Challenges

Informality, inequality between Lima and the regions, and weak public services.

The revolving presidency

Peru's presidents came and went, but inflation stayed low and the sol stable.

Thinking political chaos always wrecks the economy

Strong institutions insulated Peru's economy.

Key takeaways

Peru has about 34 million people.
It grew fast in the 2000s.
Mining dominates exports.
Institutions kept stability despite political chaos.