Pharma & Biotech Economics: Checkpoint 1

Quick checkpoint - five questions on drug development, trials, biosimilars, contract manufacturing and APIs.

Question 1 of 5 Roughly how many drugs entering human trials win approval?

Nine in ten Half About one in ten None

High failure rates are a major reason development is so costly.

Question 2 of 5 Which trial phase usually involves the largest number of patients?

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Preclinical

Phase 3 compares the drug with existing treatments in large groups.

Question 3 of 5 What is a biosimilar?

A herbal medicine A highly similar copy of a biologic drug after patents expire A vaccine A chemical generic

Biosimilars bring competition to expensive biologics.

Question 4 of 5 What does a CDMO do?

Sells drugs in pharmacies Develops and manufactures drugs for other companies Regulates drug prices Trains doctors

Contract manufacturers let drug companies avoid building their own factories.

Question 5 of 5 Why is India's reliance on Chinese APIs a concern?

APIs are illegal Supply disruptions can threaten medicine production China doesn't make APIs India has no drug industry

The 2020 disruption showed the risks, prompting PLI schemes and bulk drug parks.

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